qgsgml.cpp

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/***************************************************************************
    qgsgml.cpp
    ---------------------
    begin                : February 2013
    copyright            : (C) 2013 by Radim Blazek
    email                : radim dot blazek at gmail dot com
 ***************************************************************************
 *                                                                         *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
 *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 ***************************************************************************/
#include "qgsgml.h"
#include "qgsauthmanager.h"
#include "qgsrectangle.h"
#include "qgscoordinatereferencesystem.h"
#include "qgsgeometry.h"
#include "qgslogger.h"
#include "qgsmessagelog.h"
#include "qgsnetworkaccessmanager.h"
#include "qgswkbptr.h"
#include "qgsogrutils.h"
#include "qgsapplication.h"
#include <QBuffer>
#include <QList>
#include <QNetworkRequest>
#include <QNetworkReply>
#include <QProgressDialog>
#include <QSet>
#include <QSettings>
#include <QUrl>

#include "ogr_api.h"

#include <limits>

static const char NS_SEPARATOR = '?';
static const char *GML_NAMESPACE = "http://www.opengis.net/gml";
static const char *GML32_NAMESPACE = "http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2";

QgsGml::QgsGml(
  const QString &typeName,
  const QString &geometryAttribute,
  const QgsFields &fields )
  : mParser( typeName, geometryAttribute, fields )
  , mTypeName( typeName )
  , mFinished( false )
{
  int index = mTypeName.indexOf( ':' );
  if ( index != -1 && index < mTypeName.length() )
  {
    mTypeName = mTypeName.mid( index + 1 );
  }
}

int QgsGml::getFeatures( const QString &uri, QgsWkbTypes::Type *wkbType, QgsRectangle *extent, const QString &userName, const QString &password, const QString &authcfg )
{
  //start with empty extent
  mExtent.setMinimal();

  QNetworkRequest request( uri );
  QgsSetRequestInitiatorClass( request, QStringLiteral( "QgsGml" ) );

  if ( !authcfg.isEmpty() )
  {
    if ( !QgsApplication::authManager()->updateNetworkRequest( request, authcfg ) )
    {
      QgsMessageLog::logMessage(
        tr( "GML Getfeature network request update failed for authcfg %1" ).arg( authcfg ),
        tr( "Network" ),
        Qgis::Critical
      );
      return 1;
    }
  }
  else if ( !userName.isNull() || !password.isNull() )
  {
    request.setRawHeader( "Authorization", "Basic " + QStringLiteral( "%1:%2" ).arg( userName, password ).toLatin1().toBase64() );
  }
  QNetworkReply *reply = QgsNetworkAccessManager::instance()->get( request );

  if ( !authcfg.isEmpty() )
  {
    if ( !QgsApplication::authManager()->updateNetworkReply( reply, authcfg ) )
    {
      reply->deleteLater();
      QgsMessageLog::logMessage(
        tr( "GML Getfeature network reply update failed for authcfg %1" ).arg( authcfg ),
        tr( "Network" ),
        Qgis::Critical
      );
      return 1;
    }
  }

  connect( reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, this, &QgsGml::setFinished );
  connect( reply, &QNetworkReply::downloadProgress, this, &QgsGml::handleProgressEvent );

  //find out if there is a QGIS main window. If yes, display a progress dialog
  QProgressDialog *progressDialog = nullptr;
  QWidget *mainWindow = nullptr;
  QWidgetList topLevelWidgets = qApp->topLevelWidgets();
  for ( QWidgetList::const_iterator it = topLevelWidgets.constBegin(); it != topLevelWidgets.constEnd(); ++it )
  {
    if ( ( *it )->objectName() == QLatin1String( "QgisApp" ) )
    {
      mainWindow = *it;
      break;
    }
  }
  if ( mainWindow )
  {
    progressDialog = new QProgressDialog( tr( "Loading GML data\n%1" ).arg( mTypeName ), tr( "Abort" ), 0, 0, mainWindow );
    progressDialog->setWindowModality( Qt::ApplicationModal );
    connect( this, &QgsGml::dataReadProgress, progressDialog, &QProgressDialog::setValue );
    connect( this, &QgsGml::totalStepsUpdate, progressDialog, &QProgressDialog::setMaximum );
    connect( progressDialog, &QProgressDialog::canceled, this, &QgsGml::setFinished );
    progressDialog->show();
  }

  int atEnd = 0;
  while ( !atEnd )
  {
    if ( mFinished )
    {
      atEnd = 1;
    }
    QByteArray readData = reply->readAll();
    if ( !readData.isEmpty() )
    {
      QString errorMsg;
      if ( !mParser.processData( readData, atEnd, errorMsg ) )
        QgsMessageLog::logMessage( errorMsg, QObject::tr( "WFS" ) );

    }
    QCoreApplication::processEvents();
  }

  fillMapsFromParser();

  QNetworkReply::NetworkError replyError = reply->error();
  QString replyErrorString = reply->errorString();

  delete reply;
  delete progressDialog;

  if ( replyError )
  {
    QgsMessageLog::logMessage(
      tr( "GML Getfeature network request failed with error: %1" ).arg( replyErrorString ),
      tr( "Network" ),
      Qgis::Critical
    );
    return 1;
  }

  *wkbType = mParser.wkbType();

  if ( *wkbType != QgsWkbTypes::Unknown )
  {
    if ( mExtent.isEmpty() )
    {
      //reading of bbox from the server failed, so we calculate it less efficiently by evaluating the features
      calculateExtentFromFeatures();
    }
  }

  if ( extent )
    *extent = mExtent;

  return 0;
}

int QgsGml::getFeatures( const QByteArray &data, QgsWkbTypes::Type *wkbType, QgsRectangle *extent )
{
  mExtent.setMinimal();

  QString errorMsg;
  if ( !mParser.processData( data, true /* atEnd */, errorMsg ) )
    QgsMessageLog::logMessage( errorMsg, QObject::tr( "WFS" ) );

  fillMapsFromParser();

  *wkbType = mParser.wkbType();

  if ( extent )
    *extent = mExtent;

  return 0;
}

void QgsGml::fillMapsFromParser()
{
  QVector<QgsGmlStreamingParser::QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair> features = mParser.getAndStealReadyFeatures();
  const auto constFeatures = features;
  for ( const QgsGmlStreamingParser::QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair &featPair : constFeatures )
  {
    QgsFeature *feat = featPair.first;
    const QString &gmlId = featPair.second;
    mFeatures.insert( feat->id(), feat );
    if ( !gmlId.isEmpty() )
    {
      mIdMap.insert( feat->id(), gmlId );
    }
  }
}

void QgsGml::setFinished()
{
  mFinished = true;
}

void QgsGml::handleProgressEvent( qint64 progress, qint64 totalSteps )
{
  if ( totalSteps < 0 )
  {
    totalSteps = 0;
    progress = 0;
  }
  emit totalStepsUpdate( totalSteps );
  emit dataReadProgress( progress );
  emit dataProgressAndSteps( progress, totalSteps );
}

void QgsGml::calculateExtentFromFeatures()
{
  if ( mFeatures.empty() )
  {
    return;
  }

  QgsFeature *currentFeature = nullptr;
  QgsGeometry currentGeometry;
  bool bboxInitialized = false; //gets true once bbox has been set to the first geometry

  for ( int i = 0; i < mFeatures.size(); ++i )
  {
    currentFeature = mFeatures[i];
    if ( !currentFeature )
    {
      continue;
    }
    currentGeometry = currentFeature->geometry();
    if ( !currentGeometry.isNull() )
    {
      if ( !bboxInitialized )
      {
        mExtent = currentGeometry.boundingBox();
        bboxInitialized = true;
      }
      else
      {
        mExtent.combineExtentWith( currentGeometry.boundingBox() );
      }
    }
  }
}

QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem QgsGml::crs() const
{
  QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem crs;
  if ( mParser.getEPSGCode() != 0 )
  {
    crs = QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem::fromOgcWmsCrs( QStringLiteral( "EPSG:%1" ).arg( mParser.getEPSGCode() ) );
  }
  return crs;
}





QgsGmlStreamingParser::QgsGmlStreamingParser( const QString &typeName,
    const QString &geometryAttribute,
    const QgsFields &fields,
    AxisOrientationLogic axisOrientationLogic,
    bool invertAxisOrientation )
  : mTypeName( typeName )
  , mTypeNameBA( mTypeName.toUtf8() )
  , mTypeNamePtr( mTypeNameBA.constData() )
  , mTypeNameUTF8Len( strlen( mTypeNamePtr ) )
  , mWkbType( QgsWkbTypes::Unknown )
  , mGeometryAttribute( geometryAttribute )
  , mGeometryAttributeBA( geometryAttribute.toUtf8() )
  , mGeometryAttributePtr( mGeometryAttributeBA.constData() )
  , mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len( strlen( mGeometryAttributePtr ) )
  , mFields( fields )
  , mIsException( false )
  , mTruncatedResponse( false )
  , mParseDepth( 0 )
  , mFeatureTupleDepth( 0 )
  , mFeatureCount( 0 )
  , mCurrentWKB( nullptr, 0 )
  , mBoundedByNullFound( false )
  , mDimension( 0 )
  , mCoorMode( Coordinate )
  , mEpsg( 0 )
  , mAxisOrientationLogic( axisOrientationLogic )
  , mInvertAxisOrientationRequest( invertAxisOrientation )
  , mInvertAxisOrientation( invertAxisOrientation )
  , mNumberReturned( -1 )
  , mNumberMatched( -1 )
  , mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement( false )
{
  mThematicAttributes.clear();
  for ( int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++ )
  {
    mThematicAttributes.insert( fields.at( i ).name(), qMakePair( i, fields.at( i ) ) );
  }

  mEndian = QgsApplication::endian();

  int index = mTypeName.indexOf( ':' );
  if ( index != -1 && index < mTypeName.length() )
  {
    mTypeName = mTypeName.mid( index + 1 );
    mTypeNameBA = mTypeName.toUtf8();
    mTypeNamePtr = mTypeNameBA.constData();
    mTypeNameUTF8Len = strlen( mTypeNamePtr );
  }

  mParser = XML_ParserCreateNS( nullptr, NS_SEPARATOR );
  XML_SetUserData( mParser, this );
  XML_SetElementHandler( mParser, QgsGmlStreamingParser::start, QgsGmlStreamingParser::end );
  XML_SetCharacterDataHandler( mParser, QgsGmlStreamingParser::chars );
}

static QString stripNS( const QString &string )
{
  int index = string.indexOf( ':' );
  if ( index != -1 && index < string.length() )
  {
    return string.mid( index + 1 );
  }
  return string;
}

QgsGmlStreamingParser::QgsGmlStreamingParser( const QList<LayerProperties> &layerProperties,
    const QgsFields &fields,
    const QMap< QString, QPair<QString, QString> > &mapFieldNameToSrcLayerNameFieldName,
    AxisOrientationLogic axisOrientationLogic,
    bool invertAxisOrientation )
  : mLayerProperties( layerProperties )
  , mTypeNameUTF8Len( 0 )
  , mWkbType( QgsWkbTypes::Unknown )
  , mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len( 0 )
  , mFields( fields )
  , mIsException( false )
  , mTruncatedResponse( false )
  , mParseDepth( 0 )
  , mFeatureTupleDepth( 0 )
  , mFeatureCount( 0 )
  , mCurrentWKB( nullptr, 0 )
  , mBoundedByNullFound( false )
  , mDimension( 0 )
  , mCoorMode( Coordinate )
  , mEpsg( 0 )
  , mAxisOrientationLogic( axisOrientationLogic )
  , mInvertAxisOrientationRequest( invertAxisOrientation )
  , mInvertAxisOrientation( invertAxisOrientation )
  , mNumberReturned( -1 )
  , mNumberMatched( -1 )
  , mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement( false )
{
  mThematicAttributes.clear();
  for ( int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++ )
  {
    QMap< QString, QPair<QString, QString> >::const_iterator att_it = mapFieldNameToSrcLayerNameFieldName.constFind( fields.at( i ).name() );
    if ( att_it != mapFieldNameToSrcLayerNameFieldName.constEnd() )
    {
      if ( mLayerProperties.size() == 1 )
        mThematicAttributes.insert( att_it.value().second, qMakePair( i, fields.at( i ) ) );
      else
        mThematicAttributes.insert( stripNS( att_it.value().first ) + "|" + att_it.value().second, qMakePair( i, fields.at( i ) ) );
    }
  }
  bool alreadyFoundGeometry = false;
  for ( int i = 0; i < mLayerProperties.size(); i++ )
  {
    // We only support one geometry field per feature
    if ( !mLayerProperties[i].mGeometryAttribute.isEmpty() )
    {
      if ( alreadyFoundGeometry )
      {
        QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "Will ignore geometry field %1 from typename %2" ).
                     arg( mLayerProperties[i].mGeometryAttribute, mLayerProperties[i].mName ) );
        mLayerProperties[i].mGeometryAttribute.clear();
      }
      alreadyFoundGeometry = true;
    }
    mMapTypeNameToProperties.insert( stripNS( mLayerProperties[i].mName ), mLayerProperties[i] );
  }

  if ( mLayerProperties.size() == 1 )
  {
    mTypeName = mLayerProperties[0].mName;
    mGeometryAttribute = mLayerProperties[0].mGeometryAttribute;
    mGeometryAttributeBA = mGeometryAttribute.toUtf8();
    mGeometryAttributePtr = mGeometryAttributeBA.constData();
    mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len = strlen( mGeometryAttributePtr );
    int index = mTypeName.indexOf( ':' );
    if ( index != -1 && index < mTypeName.length() )
    {
      mTypeName = mTypeName.mid( index + 1 );
    }
    mTypeNameBA = mTypeName.toUtf8();
    mTypeNamePtr = mTypeNameBA.constData();
    mTypeNameUTF8Len = strlen( mTypeNamePtr );
  }

  mEndian = QgsApplication::endian();

  mParser = XML_ParserCreateNS( nullptr, NS_SEPARATOR );
  XML_SetUserData( mParser, this );
  XML_SetElementHandler( mParser, QgsGmlStreamingParser::start, QgsGmlStreamingParser::end );
  XML_SetCharacterDataHandler( mParser, QgsGmlStreamingParser::chars );
}


QgsGmlStreamingParser::~QgsGmlStreamingParser()
{
  XML_ParserFree( mParser );

  // Normally a sane user of this class should have consumed everything...
  const auto constMFeatureList = mFeatureList;
  for ( QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair featPair : constMFeatureList )
  {
    delete featPair.first;
  }

  delete mCurrentFeature;
}

bool QgsGmlStreamingParser::processData( const QByteArray &data, bool atEnd )
{
  QString errorMsg;
  if ( !processData( data, atEnd, errorMsg ) )
  {
    QgsMessageLog::logMessage( errorMsg, QObject::tr( "WFS" ) );
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

bool QgsGmlStreamingParser::processData( const QByteArray &data, bool atEnd, QString &errorMsg )
{
  if ( XML_Parse( mParser, data.data(), data.size(), atEnd ) == 0 )
  {
    XML_Error errorCode = XML_GetErrorCode( mParser );
    errorMsg = QObject::tr( "Error: %1 on line %2, column %3" )
               .arg( XML_ErrorString( errorCode ) )
               .arg( XML_GetCurrentLineNumber( mParser ) )
               .arg( XML_GetCurrentColumnNumber( mParser ) );

    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

QVector<QgsGmlStreamingParser::QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair> QgsGmlStreamingParser::getAndStealReadyFeatures()
{
  QVector<QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair> ret = mFeatureList;
  mFeatureList.clear();
  return ret;
}

#define LOCALNAME_EQUALS(string_constant) \
  ( localNameLen == static_cast<int>(strlen( string_constant )) && memcmp(pszLocalName, string_constant, localNameLen) == 0 )

void QgsGmlStreamingParser::startElement( const XML_Char *el, const XML_Char **attr )
{
  const int elLen = static_cast<int>( strlen( el ) );
  const char *pszSep = strchr( el, NS_SEPARATOR );
  const char *pszLocalName = ( pszSep ) ? pszSep + 1 : el;
  const int nsLen = ( pszSep ) ? ( int )( pszSep - el ) : 0;
  const int localNameLen = ( pszSep ) ? ( int )( elLen - nsLen ) - 1 : elLen;
  ParseMode parseMode( mParseModeStack.isEmpty() ? None : mParseModeStack.top() );
  int elDimension = 0;

  // Figure out if the GML namespace is GML_NAMESPACE or GML32_NAMESPACE
  if ( !mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr && pszSep )
  {
    if ( nsLen == static_cast<int>( strlen( GML_NAMESPACE ) ) && memcmp( el, GML_NAMESPACE, nsLen ) == 0 )
    {
      mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML_NAMESPACE;
      mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML_NAMESPACE;
    }
    else if ( nsLen == static_cast<int>( strlen( GML32_NAMESPACE ) ) && memcmp( el, GML32_NAMESPACE, nsLen ) == 0 )
    {
      mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML32_NAMESPACE;
      mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML32_NAMESPACE;
    }
  }

  const bool isGMLNS = ( nsLen == mGMLNameSpaceURI.size() && mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr && memcmp( el, mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr, nsLen ) == 0 );
  bool isGeom = false;

  if ( parseMode == Geometry || parseMode == Coordinate || parseMode == PosList ||
       parseMode == MultiPoint || parseMode == MultiLine || parseMode == MultiPolygon )
  {
    mGeometryString.append( "<", 1 );
    mGeometryString.append( pszLocalName, localNameLen );
    mGeometryString.append( " ", 1 );
    for ( const XML_Char **attrIter = attr; attrIter && *attrIter; attrIter += 2 )
    {
      mGeometryString.append( attrIter[0] );
      mGeometryString.append( "=\"", 2 );
      mGeometryString.append( attrIter[1] );
      mGeometryString.append( "\" ", 2 );

    }
    mGeometryString.append( ">", 1 );
  }

  if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "coordinates" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( Coordinate );
    mCoorMode = QgsGmlStreamingParser::Coordinate;
    mStringCash.clear();
    mCoordinateSeparator = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "cs" ), attr );
    if ( mCoordinateSeparator.isEmpty() )
    {
      mCoordinateSeparator = ',';
    }
    mTupleSeparator = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "ts" ), attr );
    if ( mTupleSeparator.isEmpty() )
    {
      mTupleSeparator = ' ';
    }
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS &&
            ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "pos" ) || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "posList" ) ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::PosList );
    mCoorMode = QgsGmlStreamingParser::PosList;
    mStringCash.clear();
    if ( elDimension == 0 )
    {
      QString srsDimension = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "srsDimension" ), attr );
      bool ok;
      int dimension = srsDimension.toInt( &ok );
      if ( ok )
      {
        elDimension = dimension;
      }
    }
  }
  else if ( ( parseMode == Feature || parseMode == FeatureTuple ) &&
            mCurrentFeature &&
            localNameLen == static_cast<int>( mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len ) &&
            memcmp( pszLocalName, mGeometryAttributePtr, localNameLen ) == 0 )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Geometry );
    mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement = false;
    mGeometryString.clear();
  }
  //else if ( mParseModeStack.size() == 0 && elementName == mGMLNameSpaceURI + NS_SEPARATOR + "boundedBy" )
  else if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "boundedBy" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::BoundingBox );
    mCurrentExtent = QgsRectangle();
    mBoundedByNullFound = false;
  }
  else if ( parseMode == BoundingBox &&
            isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "null" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Null );
    mBoundedByNullFound = true;
  }
  else if ( parseMode == BoundingBox &&
            isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Envelope" ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Envelope );
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Envelope &&
            isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "lowerCorner" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::LowerCorner );
    mStringCash.clear();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Envelope &&
            isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "upperCorner" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::UpperCorner );
    mStringCash.clear();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == None && !mTypeNamePtr &&
            LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Tuple" ) )
  {
    Q_ASSERT( !mCurrentFeature );
    mCurrentFeature = new QgsFeature( mFeatureCount );
    mCurrentFeature->setFields( mFields ); // allow name-based attribute lookups
    QgsAttributes attributes( mThematicAttributes.size() ); //add empty attributes
    mCurrentFeature->setAttributes( attributes );
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Tuple );
    mCurrentFeatureId.clear();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Tuple )
  {
    QString currentTypename( QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) );
    QMap< QString, LayerProperties >::const_iterator iter = mMapTypeNameToProperties.constFind( currentTypename );
    if ( iter != mMapTypeNameToProperties.constEnd() )
    {
      mFeatureTupleDepth = mParseDepth;
      mCurrentTypename = currentTypename;
      mGeometryAttribute.clear();
      if ( mCurrentWKB.size() == 0 )
      {
        mGeometryAttribute = iter.value().mGeometryAttribute;
      }
      mGeometryAttributeBA = mGeometryAttribute.toUtf8();
      mGeometryAttributePtr = mGeometryAttributeBA.constData();
      mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len = strlen( mGeometryAttributePtr );
      mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::FeatureTuple );
      QString id;
      if ( mGMLNameSpaceURI.isEmpty() )
      {
        id = readAttribute( QString( GML_NAMESPACE ) + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
        if ( !id.isEmpty() )
        {
          mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML_NAMESPACE;
          mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML_NAMESPACE;
        }
        else
        {
          id = readAttribute( QString( GML32_NAMESPACE ) + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
          if ( !id.isEmpty() )
          {
            mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML32_NAMESPACE;
            mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML32_NAMESPACE;
          }
        }
      }
      else
        id = readAttribute( mGMLNameSpaceURI + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
      if ( !mCurrentFeatureId.isEmpty() )
        mCurrentFeatureId += '|';
      mCurrentFeatureId += id;
    }
  }
  else if ( parseMode == None &&
            localNameLen == static_cast<int>( mTypeNameUTF8Len ) &&
            memcmp( pszLocalName, mTypeNamePtr, mTypeNameUTF8Len ) == 0 )
  {
    Q_ASSERT( !mCurrentFeature );
    mCurrentFeature = new QgsFeature( mFeatureCount );
    mCurrentFeature->setFields( mFields ); // allow name-based attribute lookups
    QgsAttributes attributes( mThematicAttributes.size() ); //add empty attributes
    mCurrentFeature->setAttributes( attributes );
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Feature );
    mCurrentFeatureId = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "fid" ), attr );
    if ( mCurrentFeatureId.isEmpty() )
    {
      // Figure out if the GML namespace is GML_NAMESPACE or GML32_NAMESPACE
      // (should happen only for the first features if there's no gml: element
      // encountered before
      if ( mGMLNameSpaceURI.isEmpty() )
      {
        mCurrentFeatureId = readAttribute( QString( GML_NAMESPACE ) + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
        if ( !mCurrentFeatureId.isEmpty() )
        {
          mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML_NAMESPACE;
          mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML_NAMESPACE;
        }
        else
        {
          mCurrentFeatureId = readAttribute( QString( GML32_NAMESPACE ) + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
          if ( !mCurrentFeatureId.isEmpty() )
          {
            mGMLNameSpaceURI = GML32_NAMESPACE;
            mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = GML32_NAMESPACE;
          }
        }
      }
      else
        mCurrentFeatureId = readAttribute( mGMLNameSpaceURI + NS_SEPARATOR + "id", attr );
    }
  }

  else if ( parseMode == BoundingBox && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Box" ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Point" ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LineString" ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS &&
            localNameLen == static_cast<int>( strlen( "Polygon" ) ) && memcmp( pszLocalName, "Polygon", localNameLen ) == 0 )
  {
    isGeom = true;
    mCurrentWKBFragments.push_back( QList<QgsWkbPtr>() );
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiPoint" ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::MultiPoint );
    //we need one nested list for intermediate WKB
    mCurrentWKBFragments.push_back( QList<QgsWkbPtr>() );
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiLineString" ) || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiCurve" ) ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::MultiLine );
    //we need one nested list for intermediate WKB
    mCurrentWKBFragments.push_back( QList<QgsWkbPtr>() );
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiPolygon" ) || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiSurface" ) ) )
  {
    isGeom = true;
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::MultiPolygon );
  }
  else if ( parseMode == FeatureTuple )
  {
    QString localName( QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) );
    if ( mThematicAttributes.contains( mCurrentTypename + '|' + localName ) )
    {
      mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::AttributeTuple );
      mAttributeName = mCurrentTypename + '|' + localName;
      mStringCash.clear();
    }
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Feature )
  {
    QString localName( QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) );
    if ( mThematicAttributes.contains( localName ) )
    {
      mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::Attribute );
      mAttributeName = localName;
      mStringCash.clear();
    }
    else
    {
      // QGIS server (2.2) is using:
      // <Attribute value="My description" name="desc"/>
      if ( localName.compare( QLatin1String( "attribute" ), Qt::CaseInsensitive ) == 0 )
      {
        QString name = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "name" ), attr );
        if ( mThematicAttributes.contains( name ) )
        {
          QString value = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "value" ), attr );
          setAttribute( name, value );
        }
      }
    }
  }
  else if ( mParseDepth == 0 && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "FeatureCollection" ) )
  {
    QString numberReturned = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "numberReturned" ), attr ); // WFS 2.0
    if ( numberReturned.isEmpty() )
      numberReturned = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "numberOfFeatures" ), attr ); // WFS 1.1
    bool conversionOk;
    mNumberReturned = numberReturned.toInt( &conversionOk );
    if ( !conversionOk )
      mNumberReturned = -1;

    QString numberMatched = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "numberMatched" ), attr ); // WFS 2.0
    mNumberMatched = numberMatched.toInt( &conversionOk );
    if ( !conversionOk ) // likely since numberMatched="unknown" is legal
      mNumberMatched = -1;
  }
  else if ( mParseDepth == 0 && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "ExceptionReport" ) )
  {
    mIsException = true;
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::ExceptionReport );
  }
  else if ( mIsException &&  LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "ExceptionText" ) )
  {
    mStringCash.clear();
    mParseModeStack.push( QgsGmlStreamingParser::ExceptionText );
  }
  else if ( mParseDepth == 1 && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "truncatedResponse" ) )
  {
    // e.g: http://services.cuzk.cz/wfs/inspire-cp-wfs.asp?SERVICE=WFS&REQUEST=GetFeature&VERSION=2.0.0&TYPENAMES=cp:CadastralParcel
    mTruncatedResponse = true;
  }
  else if ( !mGeometryString.empty() &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "exterior" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "interior" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "innerBoundaryIs" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "outerBoundaryIs" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LinearRing" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "pointMember" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "curveMember" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "lineStringMember" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "polygonMember" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "surfaceMember" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Curve" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "segments" ) &&
            !LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LineStringSegment" ) )
  {
    //QgsDebugMsg( "Found unhandled geometry element " + QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) );
    mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement = true;
  }

  if ( !mGeometryString.empty() )
    isGeom = true;

  if ( elDimension == 0 && isGeom )
  {
    // srsDimension can also be set on the top geometry element
    // e.g. https://data.linz.govt.nz/services;key=XXXXXXXX/wfs?SERVICE=WFS&REQUEST=GetFeature&VERSION=2.0.0&TYPENAMES=data.linz.govt.nz:layer-524
    QString srsDimension = readAttribute( QStringLiteral( "srsDimension" ), attr );
    bool ok;
    int dimension = srsDimension.toInt( &ok );
    if ( ok )
    {
      elDimension = dimension;
    }
  }

  if ( elDimension != 0 || mDimensionStack.isEmpty() )
  {
    mDimensionStack.push( elDimension );
  }
  else
  {
    mDimensionStack.push( mDimensionStack.back() );
  }

  if ( mEpsg == 0 && isGeom )
  {
    if ( readEpsgFromAttribute( mEpsg, attr ) != 0 )
    {
      QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "error, could not get epsg id" ) );
    }
    else
    {
      QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "mEpsg = %1" ).arg( mEpsg ) );
    }
  }

  mParseDepth ++;
}

void QgsGmlStreamingParser::endElement( const XML_Char *el )
{
  mParseDepth --;

  const int elLen = static_cast<int>( strlen( el ) );
  const char *pszSep = strchr( el, NS_SEPARATOR );
  const char *pszLocalName = ( pszSep ) ? pszSep + 1 : el;
  const int nsLen = ( pszSep ) ? ( int )( pszSep - el ) : 0;
  const int localNameLen = ( pszSep ) ? ( int )( elLen - nsLen ) - 1 : elLen;
  ParseMode parseMode( mParseModeStack.isEmpty() ? None : mParseModeStack.top() );

  int lastDimension = mDimensionStack.isEmpty() ? 0 : mDimensionStack.pop();

  const bool isGMLNS = ( nsLen == mGMLNameSpaceURI.size() && mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr && memcmp( el, mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr, nsLen ) == 0 );

  if ( parseMode == Coordinate && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "coordinates" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == PosList && isGMLNS &&
            ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "pos" ) || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "posList" ) ) )
  {
    mDimension = lastDimension;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == AttributeTuple &&
            mCurrentTypename + '|' + QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) == mAttributeName ) //add a thematic attribute to the feature
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();

    setAttribute( mAttributeName, mStringCash );
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Attribute && QString::fromUtf8( pszLocalName, localNameLen ) == mAttributeName ) //add a thematic attribute to the feature
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();

    setAttribute( mAttributeName, mStringCash );
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Geometry &&
            localNameLen == static_cast<int>( mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len ) &&
            memcmp( pszLocalName, mGeometryAttributePtr, localNameLen ) == 0 )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
    if ( mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement )
    {
      gdal::ogr_geometry_unique_ptr hGeom( OGR_G_CreateFromGML( mGeometryString.c_str() ) );
      if ( hGeom )
      {
        const int wkbSize = OGR_G_WkbSize( hGeom.get() );
        unsigned char *pabyBuffer = new unsigned char[ wkbSize ];
        OGR_G_ExportToIsoWkb( hGeom.get(), wkbNDR, pabyBuffer );
        QgsGeometry g;
        g.fromWkb( pabyBuffer, wkbSize );
        if ( mInvertAxisOrientation )
        {
          g.transform( QTransform( 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ) );
        }
        Q_ASSERT( mCurrentFeature );
        mCurrentFeature->setGeometry( g );
      }
    }
    mGeometryString.clear();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == BoundingBox && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "boundedBy" ) )
  {
    //create bounding box from mStringCash
    if ( mCurrentExtent.isNull() &&
         !mBoundedByNullFound &&
         !createBBoxFromCoordinateString( mCurrentExtent, mStringCash ) )
    {
      QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "creation of bounding box failed" ) );
    }
    if ( !mCurrentExtent.isNull() && mLayerExtent.isNull() &&
         !mCurrentFeature && mFeatureCount == 0 )
    {
      mLayerExtent = mCurrentExtent;
      mCurrentExtent = QgsRectangle();
    }

    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Null && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "null" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == Envelope && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Envelope" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == LowerCorner && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "lowerCorner" ) )
  {
    QList<QgsPointXY> points;
    pointsFromPosListString( points, mStringCash, 2 );
    if ( points.size() == 1 )
    {
      mCurrentExtent.setXMinimum( points[0].x() );
      mCurrentExtent.setYMinimum( points[0].y() );
    }
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == UpperCorner && isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "upperCorner" ) )
  {
    QList<QgsPointXY> points;
    pointsFromPosListString( points, mStringCash, 2 );
    if ( points.size() == 1 )
    {
      mCurrentExtent.setXMaximum( points[0].x() );
      mCurrentExtent.setYMaximum( points[0].y() );
    }
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == FeatureTuple && mParseDepth == mFeatureTupleDepth )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
    mFeatureTupleDepth = 0;
  }
  else if ( ( parseMode == Tuple && !mTypeNamePtr &&
              LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Tuple" ) ) ||
            ( parseMode == Feature &&
              localNameLen == static_cast<int>( mTypeNameUTF8Len ) &&
              memcmp( pszLocalName, mTypeNamePtr, mTypeNameUTF8Len ) == 0 ) )
  {
    Q_ASSERT( mCurrentFeature );
    if ( !mCurrentFeature->hasGeometry() )
    {
      if ( mCurrentWKB.size() > 0 )
      {
        QgsGeometry g;
        g.fromWkb( mCurrentWKB, mCurrentWKB.size() );
        mCurrentFeature->setGeometry( g );
        mCurrentWKB = QgsWkbPtr( nullptr, 0 );
      }
      else if ( !mCurrentExtent.isEmpty() )
      {
        mCurrentFeature->setGeometry( QgsGeometry::fromRect( mCurrentExtent ) );
      }
    }
    mCurrentFeature->setValid( true );

    mFeatureList.push_back( QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair( mCurrentFeature, mCurrentFeatureId ) );

    mCurrentFeature = nullptr;
    ++mFeatureCount;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Point" ) )
  {
    QList<QgsPointXY> pointList;
    if ( pointsFromString( pointList, mStringCash ) != 0 )
    {
      //error
    }

    if ( pointList.isEmpty() )
      return;  // error

    if ( parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::Geometry )
    {
      //directly add WKB point to the feature
      if ( getPointWKB( mCurrentWKB, *( pointList.constBegin() ) ) != 0 )
      {
        //error
      }

      if ( mWkbType != QgsWkbTypes::MultiPoint ) //keep multitype in case of geometry type mix
      {
        mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::Point;
      }
    }
    else //multipoint, add WKB as fragment
    {
      QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( nullptr, 0 );
      if ( getPointWKB( wkbPtr, *( pointList.constBegin() ) ) != 0 )
      {
        //error
      }
      if ( !mCurrentWKBFragments.isEmpty() )
      {
        mCurrentWKBFragments.last().push_back( wkbPtr );
      }
      else
      {
        QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "No wkb fragments" ) );
        delete [] wkbPtr;
      }
    }
  }
  else if ( isGMLNS && ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LineString" ) || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LineStringSegment" ) ) )
  {
    //add WKB point to the feature

    QList<QgsPointXY> pointList;
    if ( pointsFromString( pointList, mStringCash ) != 0 )
    {
      //error
    }
    if ( parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::Geometry )
    {
      if ( getLineWKB( mCurrentWKB, pointList ) != 0 )
      {
        //error
      }

      if ( mWkbType != QgsWkbTypes::MultiLineString )//keep multitype in case of geometry type mix
      {
        mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::LineString;
      }
    }
    else //multiline, add WKB as fragment
    {
      QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( nullptr, 0 );
      if ( getLineWKB( wkbPtr, pointList ) != 0 )
      {
        //error
      }
      if ( !mCurrentWKBFragments.isEmpty() )
      {
        mCurrentWKBFragments.last().push_back( wkbPtr );
      }
      else
      {
        QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "no wkb fragments" ) );
        delete [] wkbPtr;
      }
    }
  }
  else if ( ( parseMode == Geometry || parseMode == MultiPolygon ) &&
            isGMLNS && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "LinearRing" ) )
  {
    QList<QgsPointXY> pointList;
    if ( pointsFromString( pointList, mStringCash ) != 0 )
    {
      //error
    }

    QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( nullptr, 0 );
    if ( getRingWKB( wkbPtr, pointList ) != 0 )
    {
      //error
    }

    if ( !mCurrentWKBFragments.isEmpty() )
    {
      mCurrentWKBFragments.last().push_back( wkbPtr );
    }
    else
    {
      delete[] wkbPtr;
      QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "no wkb fragments" ) );
    }
  }
  else if ( ( parseMode == Geometry || parseMode == MultiPolygon ) && isGMLNS &&
            LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "Polygon" ) )
  {
    if ( mWkbType != QgsWkbTypes::MultiPolygon )//keep multitype in case of geometry type mix
    {
      mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::Polygon;
    }

    if ( parseMode == Geometry )
    {
      createPolygonFromFragments();
    }
  }
  else if ( parseMode == MultiPoint &&  isGMLNS &&
            LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiPoint" ) )
  {
    mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiPoint;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
    createMultiPointFromFragments();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == MultiLine && isGMLNS &&
            ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiLineString" )  || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiCurve" ) ) )
  {
    mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiLineString;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
    createMultiLineFromFragments();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == MultiPolygon && isGMLNS &&
            ( LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiPolygon" )  || LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "MultiSurface" ) ) )
  {
    mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiPolygon;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
    createMultiPolygonFromFragments();
  }
  else if ( mParseDepth == 0 && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "ExceptionReport" ) )
  {
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }
  else if ( parseMode == ExceptionText && LOCALNAME_EQUALS( "ExceptionText" ) )
  {
    mExceptionText = mStringCash;
    mParseModeStack.pop();
  }

  if ( !mGeometryString.empty() )
  {
    mGeometryString.append( "</", 2 );
    mGeometryString.append( pszLocalName, localNameLen );
    mGeometryString.append( ">", 1 );
  }

}

void QgsGmlStreamingParser::characters( const XML_Char *chars, int len )
{
  //save chars in mStringCash attribute mode or coordinate mode
  if ( mParseModeStack.isEmpty() )
  {
    return;
  }

  if ( !mGeometryString.empty() )
  {
    mGeometryString.append( chars, len );
  }

  QgsGmlStreamingParser::ParseMode parseMode = mParseModeStack.top();
  if ( parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::Attribute ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::AttributeTuple ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::Coordinate ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::PosList ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::LowerCorner ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::UpperCorner ||
       parseMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::ExceptionText )
  {
    mStringCash.append( QString::fromUtf8( chars, len ) );
  }
}

void QgsGmlStreamingParser::setAttribute( const QString &name, const QString &value )
{
  //find index with attribute name
  QMap<QString, QPair<int, QgsField> >::const_iterator att_it = mThematicAttributes.constFind( name );
  bool conversionOk = true;
  if ( att_it != mThematicAttributes.constEnd() )
  {
    QVariant var;
    switch ( att_it.value().second.type() )
    {
      case QVariant::Double:
        var = QVariant( value.toDouble( &conversionOk ) );
        break;
      case QVariant::Int:
        var = QVariant( value.toInt( &conversionOk ) );
        break;
      case QVariant::LongLong:
        var = QVariant( value.toLongLong( &conversionOk ) );
        break;
      case QVariant::DateTime:
        var = QVariant( QDateTime::fromString( value, Qt::ISODate ) );
        break;
      default: //string type is default
        var = QVariant( value );
        break;
    }
    if ( ! conversionOk )  // Assume is NULL
    {
      var = QVariant();
    }
    Q_ASSERT( mCurrentFeature );
    mCurrentFeature->setAttribute( att_it.value().first, var );
  }
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::readEpsgFromAttribute( int &epsgNr, const XML_Char **attr )
{
  int i = 0;
  while ( attr[i] )
  {
    if ( strcmp( attr[i], "srsName" ) == 0 )
    {
      QString epsgString( attr[i + 1] );
      QString epsgNrString;
      bool bIsUrn = false;
      if ( epsgString.startsWith( QLatin1String( "http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/" ) ) ) //e.g. geoserver: "http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#4326"
      {
        epsgNrString = epsgString.section( '#', 1, 1 );
      }
      // WFS >= 1.1
      else if ( epsgString.startsWith( QLatin1String( "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:" ) ) ||
                epsgString.startsWith( QLatin1String( "urn:x-ogc:def:crs:EPSG:" ) ) )
      {
        bIsUrn = true;
        epsgNrString = epsgString.split( ':' ).last();
      }
      else if ( epsgString.startsWith( QLatin1String( "http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/" ) ) ) //e.g. geoserver: "http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/4326"
      {
        bIsUrn = true;
        epsgNrString = epsgString.split( '/' ).last();
      }
      else //e.g. umn mapserver: "EPSG:4326">
      {
        epsgNrString = epsgString.section( ':', 1, 1 );
      }
      bool conversionOk;
      int eNr = epsgNrString.toInt( &conversionOk );
      if ( !conversionOk )
      {
        return 1;
      }
      epsgNr = eNr;
      mSrsName = epsgString;

      QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem crs = QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem::fromOgcWmsCrs( QStringLiteral( "EPSG:%1" ).arg( epsgNr ) );
      if ( crs.isValid() )
      {
        if ( ( ( mAxisOrientationLogic == Honour_EPSG_if_urn && bIsUrn ) ||
               mAxisOrientationLogic == Honour_EPSG ) && crs.hasAxisInverted() )
        {
          mInvertAxisOrientation = !mInvertAxisOrientationRequest;
        }
      }

      return 0;
    }
    ++i;
  }
  return 2;
}

QString QgsGmlStreamingParser::readAttribute( const QString &attributeName, const XML_Char **attr ) const
{
  int i = 0;
  while ( attr[i] )
  {
    if ( attributeName.compare( attr[i] ) == 0 )
    {
      return QString::fromUtf8( attr[i + 1] );
    }
    i += 2;
  }
  return QString();
}

bool QgsGmlStreamingParser::createBBoxFromCoordinateString( QgsRectangle &r, const QString &coordString ) const
{
  QList<QgsPointXY> points;
  if ( pointsFromCoordinateString( points, coordString ) != 0 )
  {
    return false;
  }

  if ( points.size() < 2 )
  {
    return false;
  }

  r.set( points[0], points[1] );

  return true;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::pointsFromCoordinateString( QList<QgsPointXY> &points, const QString &coordString ) const
{
  //tuples are separated by space, x/y by ','
  QStringList tuples = coordString.split( mTupleSeparator, QString::SkipEmptyParts );
  QStringList tuples_coordinates;
  double x, y;
  bool conversionSuccess;

  QStringList::const_iterator tupleIterator;
  for ( tupleIterator = tuples.constBegin(); tupleIterator != tuples.constEnd(); ++tupleIterator )
  {
    tuples_coordinates = tupleIterator->split( mCoordinateSeparator, QString::SkipEmptyParts );
    if ( tuples_coordinates.size() < 2 )
    {
      continue;
    }
    x = tuples_coordinates.at( 0 ).toDouble( &conversionSuccess );
    if ( !conversionSuccess )
    {
      continue;
    }
    y = tuples_coordinates.at( 1 ).toDouble( &conversionSuccess );
    if ( !conversionSuccess )
    {
      continue;
    }
    points.push_back( ( mInvertAxisOrientation ) ? QgsPointXY( y, x ) : QgsPointXY( x, y ) );
  }
  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::pointsFromPosListString( QList<QgsPointXY> &points, const QString &coordString, int dimension ) const
{
  // coordinates separated by spaces
  QStringList coordinates = coordString.split( ' ', QString::SkipEmptyParts );

  if ( coordinates.size() % dimension != 0 )
  {
    QgsDebugMsg( QStringLiteral( "Wrong number of coordinates" ) );
  }

  int ncoor = coordinates.size() / dimension;
  for ( int i = 0; i < ncoor; i++ )
  {
    bool conversionSuccess;
    double x = coordinates.value( i * dimension ).toDouble( &conversionSuccess );
    if ( !conversionSuccess )
    {
      continue;
    }
    double y = coordinates.value( i * dimension + 1 ).toDouble( &conversionSuccess );
    if ( !conversionSuccess )
    {
      continue;
    }
    points.append( ( mInvertAxisOrientation ) ? QgsPointXY( y, x ) : QgsPointXY( x, y ) );
  }
  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::pointsFromString( QList<QgsPointXY> &points, const QString &coordString ) const
{
  if ( mCoorMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::Coordinate )
  {
    return pointsFromCoordinateString( points, coordString );
  }
  else if ( mCoorMode == QgsGmlStreamingParser::PosList )
  {
    return pointsFromPosListString( points, coordString, mDimension ? mDimension : 2 );
  }
  return 1;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::getPointWKB( QgsWkbPtr &wkbPtr, const QgsPointXY &point ) const
{
  int wkbSize = 1 + sizeof( int ) + 2 * sizeof( double );
  wkbPtr = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[wkbSize], wkbSize );

  QgsWkbPtr fillPtr( wkbPtr );
  fillPtr << mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::Point << point.x() << point.y();

  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::getLineWKB( QgsWkbPtr &wkbPtr, const QList<QgsPointXY> &lineCoordinates ) const
{
  int wkbSize = 1 + 2 * sizeof( int ) + lineCoordinates.size() * 2 * sizeof( double );
  wkbPtr = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[wkbSize], wkbSize );

  QgsWkbPtr fillPtr( wkbPtr );

  fillPtr << mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::LineString << lineCoordinates.size();

  QList<QgsPointXY>::const_iterator iter;
  for ( iter = lineCoordinates.constBegin(); iter != lineCoordinates.constEnd(); ++iter )
  {
    fillPtr << iter->x() << iter->y();
  }

  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::getRingWKB( QgsWkbPtr &wkbPtr, const QList<QgsPointXY> &ringCoordinates ) const
{
  int wkbSize = sizeof( int ) + ringCoordinates.size() * 2 * sizeof( double );
  wkbPtr = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[wkbSize], wkbSize );

  QgsWkbPtr fillPtr( wkbPtr );

  fillPtr << ringCoordinates.size();

  QList<QgsPointXY>::const_iterator iter;
  for ( iter = ringCoordinates.constBegin(); iter != ringCoordinates.constEnd(); ++iter )
  {
    fillPtr << iter->x() << iter->y();
  }

  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::createMultiLineFromFragments()
{
  int size = 1 + 2 * sizeof( int ) + totalWKBFragmentSize();
  mCurrentWKB = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[size], size );

  QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( mCurrentWKB );

  wkbPtr << mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::MultiLineString << mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->size();

  //copy (and delete) all the wkb fragments
  QList<QgsWkbPtr>::const_iterator wkbIt = mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constBegin();
  for ( ; wkbIt != mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constEnd(); ++wkbIt )
  {
    memcpy( wkbPtr, *wkbIt, wkbIt->size() );
    wkbPtr += wkbIt->size();
    delete[] *wkbIt;
  }

  mCurrentWKBFragments.clear();
  mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiLineString;
  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::createMultiPointFromFragments()
{
  int size = 1 + 2 * sizeof( int ) + totalWKBFragmentSize();
  mCurrentWKB = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[size], size );

  QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( mCurrentWKB );
  wkbPtr << mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::MultiPoint << mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->size();

  QList<QgsWkbPtr>::const_iterator wkbIt = mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constBegin();
  for ( ; wkbIt != mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constEnd(); ++wkbIt )
  {
    memcpy( wkbPtr, *wkbIt, wkbIt->size() );
    wkbPtr += wkbIt->size();
    delete[] *wkbIt;
  }

  mCurrentWKBFragments.clear();
  mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiPoint;
  return 0;
}


int QgsGmlStreamingParser::createPolygonFromFragments()
{
  int size = 1 + 2 * sizeof( int ) + totalWKBFragmentSize();
  mCurrentWKB = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[size], size );

  QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( mCurrentWKB );
  wkbPtr << mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::Polygon << mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->size();

  QList<QgsWkbPtr>::const_iterator wkbIt = mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constBegin();
  for ( ; wkbIt != mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin()->constEnd(); ++wkbIt )
  {
    memcpy( wkbPtr, *wkbIt, wkbIt->size() );
    wkbPtr += wkbIt->size();
    delete[] *wkbIt;
  }

  mCurrentWKBFragments.clear();
  mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::Polygon;
  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::createMultiPolygonFromFragments()
{
  int size = 0;
  size += 1 + 2 * sizeof( int );
  size += totalWKBFragmentSize();
  size += mCurrentWKBFragments.size() * ( 1 + 2 * sizeof( int ) ); //fragments are just the rings

  mCurrentWKB = QgsWkbPtr( new unsigned char[size], size );

  QgsWkbPtr wkbPtr( mCurrentWKB );
  wkbPtr << ( char ) mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::MultiPolygon << mCurrentWKBFragments.size();

  //have outer and inner iterators
  QList< QList<QgsWkbPtr> >::const_iterator outerWkbIt = mCurrentWKBFragments.constBegin();

  for ( ; outerWkbIt != mCurrentWKBFragments.constEnd(); ++outerWkbIt )
  {
    //new polygon
    wkbPtr << ( char ) mEndian << QgsWkbTypes::Polygon << outerWkbIt->size();

    QList<QgsWkbPtr>::const_iterator innerWkbIt = outerWkbIt->constBegin();
    for ( ; innerWkbIt != outerWkbIt->constEnd(); ++innerWkbIt )
    {
      memcpy( wkbPtr, *innerWkbIt, innerWkbIt->size() );
      wkbPtr += innerWkbIt->size();
      delete[] *innerWkbIt;
    }
  }

  mCurrentWKBFragments.clear();
  mWkbType = QgsWkbTypes::MultiPolygon;
  return 0;
}

int QgsGmlStreamingParser::totalWKBFragmentSize() const
{
  int result = 0;
  const auto constMCurrentWKBFragments = mCurrentWKBFragments;
  for ( const QList<QgsWkbPtr> &list : constMCurrentWKBFragments )
  {
    const auto constList = list;
    for ( const QgsWkbPtr &i : constList )
    {
      result += i.size();
    }
  }
  return result;
}